What is formaldehyde and why is it harmful?
Formaldehyde, a colorless and strong-smelling gas, is a chemical compound used in the manufacturing of plywood as a bonding agent in the form of resin. While plywood is a widely utilized construction material, the presence of formaldehyde in its composition can pose various harmful effects on both human health and the environment. In poorly ventilated indoor spaces, prolonged exposure to formaldehyde off-gassing can lead to respiratory issues, eye irritation, and allergic reactions.
Long-term exposure to formaldehyde has been associated with more serious health effects. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified formaldehyde as a human carcinogen, linking it to an increased risk of nasopharyngeal cancer and other respiratory malignancies. Continuous exposure to elevated levels of formaldehyde, especially in enclosed spaces with limited ventilation, can contribute to the development of these health risks. To mitigate the harmful effects of formaldehyde in plywood, consumers are encouraged to choose plywood products labeled as "low formaldehyde" or those that adhere to stringent emission standards.
European formaldehyde emission standards
The European standard for formaldehyde emission for wood products is as follow:
E0 Grade Plywood: The European standard for E0 grade plywood signifies the lowest possible formaldehyde emissions, meeting stringent environmental standards. Plywood labeled as E0 grade emits extremely low levels of formaldehyde, typically at 0.5mg/L or less, making it ideal for indoor use in environments where air quality is a priority, such as homes, schools, and healthcare facilities.
E1 Grade Plywood: The European standard for E1 grade plywood sets the formaldehyde emission limit at 1.0mg/L or less. This means that plywood labeled as E1 grade emits formaldehyde at levels below this threshold.
E2 grade plywood typically refers to a higher formaldehyde emission level compared to E1 and E0 grades. The formaldehyde emission limit for E2 grade plywood may vary depending on regional or national regulations.
E0 and E1 grade plywood are highly valued for its contribution to indoor air quality and its compliance with strict environmental regulations aimed at reducing formaldehyde exposure and promoting healthier living and working spaces.